ADHD

How Social Media Disrupts Adolescent Identity: Narrative Development, Echo Chambers, and Emotional Radicalization

Developing a coherent and stable identity is a central task during adolescence. According to Erikson (1968), this period is characterized by a conflict between identity versus role confusion, in which young people begin to consolidate a sense of self by integrating personal values with those modeled by peers and society. However, this period is also a time when adolescents are particularly vulnerable to…

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Discipline, Dopamine, and the Decline of Sustained Effort: The Lost Skill of Doing Things You Don’t Want to Do.

The ability to do things we don’t want to do often attributed to a construct called “discipline.” However, this framing obscures a more complex interplay of neurocognitive conditioning, environmental influence, and shifting cultural values. Increasingly, what is perceived as a lack of discipline may in fact reflect a neurological adaptation to novelty-saturated digital environments—particularly those designed to exploit dopaminergic reward pathways. The erosion…

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ADHD – Often Misdiagnosed

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most increasingly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders in children ages 6 to 11. This recent increase has created concern among clinicians and researchers who must consider that potentially, ADHD may be over-diagnosed. It is becoming more broadly understood that traditional assessment tools based on DSM-5 criteria for example, have limitations. Accurate diagnosis necessitates a more holistic and multifaceted…

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Symptoms of ADHD Overlap with those Found in Trauma-Related Disorders

The symptom cluster of ADHD often overlaps with those found in trauma-related disorders. Observations from clinical practice and research indicate that behaviors typically associated with ADHD could also stem from experiences of trauma (Burke Harris, 2014). For instance, a child exposed to significant stress may develop symptoms resembling ADHD, such as inattention and impulsivity, due to the brain's adaptive response to adverse conditions.…

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